Page 79 - CB1.3 Genetic Varation sciPAD

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CB 1.3 GENETIC VARIATION
USING KNOWLEDGE OF GENETICS
3. Until the late 1990s, scientists believed there were only three species of kiwi. By examining
DNA sequences from kiwi across New Zealand, Professor Allan Baker discovered that there
are actually 5 species of kiwi currently living in New Zealand.
Little Spotted Kiwi
Apteryx owenii
The smallest kiwi.
Great Spotted Kiwi
Apteryx haastii
The largest kiwi.
North Island Brown Kiwi
Apteryx mantelli
Most common kiwi.
Rowi Brown Kiwi
Apteryx rowi
First identified in 1994.
Southern Brown Kiwi
Apteryx australis
Three known sub-species exist.
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
(a) Which two kiwi species are most closely related to each other.

(b) Justify your answer to (a).




(c) Suggest why scientists originally thought there were only three species of kiwi (the
little spotted kiwi, the great spotted kiwi and the brown kiwi) living in New Zealand.





4. Explain how genetic markers can be used to determine the relatedness of species.








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