Page 5 - CB1.3 Genetic Varation sciPAD

Cells and Chromosomes 7
My DNA Model 8
The Genetic Code 9
Nucleotides 10
DNA to Protein 11
Genes and Alleles 12
Mitosis 13
DNA Replication 14
What is Variation? 15
Types of Variation 15
Variation and Normal Distribution 16
Cell Division - Meiosis 18
Meiosis as a Cause of Variation 19
Asexual Reproduction 20
Sexual Reproduction 21
Mutation as a Cause of Variation 22
Hairless Rats 24
Passing on Genes 25
Genetic Variation Chapter Review 26
End of Chapter Review Questions 27
Genotype and Phenotype 31
Predicting Inheritance 32
Predicting Rat Fur Colour 33
Genotypic and Phenotypic Ratios 34
Pure Breeding 35
Mendel’s Peas 36
Hairless Guinea Pigs 38
Pedigree Charts 40
The Genetics of Freckles 41
Tracking Genes for Health - Cystic Fibrosis 42
Tracking Genes for Health - Polydactylism 43
Tracking Genes Chapter Review 44
End of Chapter Review Questions 45
Introduction to Population Genetics 49
Genetic Diversity 50
Natural Selection 51
Adaptations 52
Natural Selection and the Importance of Genetic
Diversity 54
Types of Selection 55
Population Bottlenecks 56
Population Bottlenecks and NZ’s Birds 57
Migration 58
Founder Effect 59
Genetics of Populations Chapter Review 60
End of Chapter Review Questions 61
DNA Sequencing 65
Genetic Screening 66
DNA Profiling 68
Modelling The Forensic Use Of DNA Profiling 69
DNA Profiling and Paternity 70
DNA Profiling and Species Identification 72
Genetic Diversity and the Takahē 73
DNA Barcoding 74
DNA Barcoding and Food Fraud 75
Environmental DNA 76
eDNA and Invasive Marine Pests 77
Phylogenetic Trees 78
Using DNA to Trace Origins 80
A Genome 82
Using Genetics Chapter Review 83
End of Chapter Review Question 84
ANSWERS 88
CONTENTS